Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 52 (2) 2024   doi:10.17746/1563-0110.2024.52.2.136-142

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The Oral Panji Story Rendered by the Javanese Mask Puppet Show

E.F. Andalas¹, T.K.S. Dewi², I.B.P. Manuaba³, and Itaristanti⁴

¹Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Tlogomas 246, Lowokwaru, Malang, 65144, Indonesia

²Universitas Sebelas Maret, Sutami 36, Jebres, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia

³Universitas Airlangga, Airlangga 4-6, Gubeng, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia

⁴Institut Agama Islam Negeri Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, Perjuangan, Kesambi, Cirebon, 45132, Indonesia

This study focuses on the rendition of the oral Panji Story, registered in Unesco’s Memory of The Word Register in 2017, by the Javanese Mask Puppet Show. We demonstrate that in telling the story, the performer does not use a prepared script. The story is “fluid”, with several variations and innovations based on the performer’s interpretation. Its composition depends on both the context of the performance and its length. In Javanese culture, the creativity of the performer (dalang) extends only to the way he renders the story, whereas its title and the order of events are a “public property”. The nyantrik method is a mode whereby the tradition is passed down from one generation to another. The method not merely ensures the transfer of the performer’s knowledge and experience to other people, but maintains the connection with the Almighty. We analyze the specificity of rendering an oral story in traditional performing art.

Keywords: Composition, Javanese Mask Puppet Show, Panji Story, knowledge transfer, oral tradition