Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 52 (4) 2024   doi:10.17746/1563-0110.2024.52.4.039-049

Annotation:  The Peopling of Tajikistan by Homo sapiens denisovan Raptorial Birds as Taphonomic Agents for Small Mammal Remains in Pleistocene Deposits at Tsagaan Agu A New Approach to the Study of Flaking Sequence Integrity Based on the Chagyrskaya Cave Assemblage, Industry of Okladnikov Cave Layer 3 in the Context of the Sibiryachikha Complexes of the Altai Mount Rocks and Their Sources in the Upper Paleolithic of the Altai: Relevance to Bifacial Technologies The Afontova Gora IV (Ovrazhnaya) Site: An Analysis of a Complex with “Ocher” in the Structure of th Human Remains from a Neolithic Burial at Krokhalevka-5 on the Upper Ob: Physical Type and Origin Excavations of a Neolithic Dwelling at Pod Lipami, Primorye, in 1976 Clay-Plaster “Masks” from Mound-Vault Skalnaya 5, Khakassia The First Results of Remote Sensing Studies of Mounds with “Mustaches” in Northern Kulunda, Southwes An Old Mongolian Inscription near the Second (Small) Sulfate Lake in Northern Khakassia as Evidence The World of Migrants from Ryazan in the Post-Reform Period: Methods of Studying Migration and Local Textiles as Product and Symbol. Ritual Gift Exchange Among the Karakalpaks and its Central Asian Par   

A New Approach to the Study of Flaking Sequence Integrity Based
on the Chagyrskaya Cave Assemblage, Northwestern Altai

V.M. Kharevich, A.V. Kharevich, S.V. Markin, and K.A. Kolobova

Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

This paper presents a new approach to assessing the integrity of flaking sequences at Paleolithic sites. It combines experimental modeling with subsequent attribute analysis of the archaeological collection. The method is based on changes in the proportion of various technical spalls at different stages of core and bifacial reduction, as well as changes in the sizes of cortical flakes. This methodology was applied to reconstruct the strategy of the use of lithic raw material by late Neanderthals of the Altai, on the basis of the Chagyrskaya Cave assemblage. The study has shown that the most common method, using the proportion of cortical spalls, is not universal, and has limitations due to the structure of lithic industry and the specificity of raw material. When pebbles and boulders of various sizes are used, as in the assemblage from layer 6c/2 of Chagyrskaya Cave, a high proportion of cortical spalls can result from the production of bifacial tools at the site. The study demonstrates that the first stage in core reduction occurred outside the cave. The high proportion of cortical spalls in the assemblage is due to the fact that bifaces were manufactured in situ, whereas tools on cortical flakes and cortical tool blanks had been transported to the site. The study reveals a connection of various technical spalls with stages in core and biface flaking sequences, and their number is evaluated in the cases of complete versus reduced flaking cycles.

Keywords: Middle Paleolithic, Micoquian/Keilmessergruppen technocomplex, experimental modeling, technical spalls, core reduction, bifacial technology