|
Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology
of Eurasia
47 (3) 2019
DOI: 10.17746/1563-0110.2019.47.3.145-157
|
Annotation:
Secular Dynamics of Body Height and Weight
in Russian Children Aged 0–17
T.K. Fedotova and A.K. Gorbacheva
Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mokhovaya 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia
This study deals with long-term temporal changes of body height and weight during various stages of ontogeny: newborns, infants, early age children, children of first childhood, children of second childhood, adolescents, and youths. Each age/sex group numbers ca 100 persons, the total sample size is ca 2000. The meta-analysis is based primarily on growth-standards for Russian children, regularly renewed by the Research Institute of Hygiene and Health Protection of Children and Adolescents and mostly relating to separate decades of the 20th century. The intensity of the secular trends was assessed through the analysis of scatter plots. The largest share in the secular increase of body dimensions belongs to intense growth during the second year of life and during the adolescent growth spurt. The smallest share is that of intrauterine growth, limited by the mother’s body size, and that of growth during the juvenile age, when the mature body size has been virtually reached and growth rate is minimal. Boys, who are more eco-sensitive, demonstrate greater secular changes than girls, who are eco-resistant. Smaller secular changes in weight than in height in both boys and girls result in an increase of leptosomy. This heterochrony concerns mostly newborns, whose body mass is a standard example of stabilizing selection.
Keywords: Secular changes, 20th century, body height, body weight, newborns, preschool children, school children