Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 47 (3) 2019   DOI: 10.17746/1563-0110.2019.47.3.003-011

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New Dental Finds Associated with the Paleolithic Selenga Culture,
Western Trans-Baikal Region

G.D. Pavlenok¹ and A.V. Zubova²

¹Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

²Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 3, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia

We describe human teeth discovered in 2012 during the re-examination of the lithic assemblage and paleontological complex from Ust-Kyakhta-3, in the western Trans-Baikal region, excavated by A.P. Okladnikov. This is one of the key Final Paleolithic sites in this area, having a distinct two-layer stratigraphy, a consistent series of radiocarbon dates, and the largest (and the most representative) collection of artifacts. Dental finds come from layer 1, whose dates range from 11,505 ± 100 to 12,151 ± 58 BP. The finds include fragments of a deciduous left upper second molar of a child aged 11-13, and an incompletely erupted upper permanent molar, possibly from the same child. Morphological comparison of these teeth with those from Malta in the Cis-Baikal region demonstrates considerable similarity. This finding suggests that the populations of Malta and Ust-Kyakhta-3 represent one and the same southern Siberian Upper Paleolithic dental complex.

Keywords: Ust-Kyakhta-3, Trans-Baikal region, Final Upper Paleolithic, dental anthropology, southern Siberian Upper Paleolithic dental complex